Prework Study Guide

HTML

The head element contains information about the webpage
Elements in the <head> are not visible to user, except for attribute:Title which is shown in the tab
The body element represents the visible content shown to the user
HTML is case-sensitive other than declarations

Three types: Inline CSS, Internal CSS Style Sheet, External CSS Style Sheet
Most commonly used will be External CSS Style Sheet. Allows devs to keep all their CSS rules in a separate file, making design changes easier
Will need to link the file using <link> element placed in the HTML's head. Eg: <head> <link rel="stylesheet" href="./location/file.css"/> <head>
Margin indicates how much space we want around the outside of an element.
Padding indicates how much space we want around the content inside an element.
Selector -defines element or attribute to which rules/declarations will apply
CSS Box Model:
Declarations -have two components: CSS property we want to apply, and the value of the property
Class attributes can be assigned to chosen elements in the HTML to assign CSS rules to
eg: .card "."designates a class selector; "card"is the class. Any HTML element assigned to "class" will gain the property assignments from CSS
/* comment */

git status
git checkout -b branch-name: creates a new branch and switches to it
git add -A: adds all modifications in current working branch to staging area
git commit -m "comment": commits to repository, '-m' -associates message with our commit
git pull origin main: pull base branch into feature before pushing up code (*important to make sure you have the latest version of project)
git push origin branch-name: pushes changes from local environment into GitHub
in GitHub repo, click "Compare & pull request"
click "Create pull request"
click "Merge pull request"; click "Confirm merge"

Ctrl+Shift+I (windows), Command+Option+I (mac), Left-click>Inspect -to access Chrome DevTools
A "variable" is a named container that allows us to store data in our code
Control Flow -order computer executes code. In JavaScript, runs from top down. can use conditional statements and loops to control order code is executed/if at all
If statement -will only execute if statement meets a condition/is true
Falsy: 0, -0, On, "", null, undefined, NaN, boolean:False
Truthy: all other values, boolean:True
"else if"; "else"
Array -single variable holding group of data. Can store different types of data(string, numbers, etc). identified by zero-indexed and sequential index numbers (first data at 0)
For Loop -uses predictable pattern of indices to perform a task on all the items in an array by allowing a sinlge code block to be executed repeatedly (must use another statement to interrupt the control flow)
For loops need 3 statements to: determine starting point; condition; allow iteration over each item
eg. for (var x = 0; x < array.length; x++) { code block }
A "function" is a set of instructions that tells the computer how to perform a certain task.
Functions do not execute automatically; must be called to execute(can be reused).
First, declare a function and set its code. Then, call the function to execute it.
// comment if no line-breaks
/* comment */